Statistical Overview of the Canadian Field Vegetable Industry, 2022

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Overview

This report provides a statistical overview of the vegetable industry including the number of farms, total farm area, production, farm gate value (FGV), consumption and trade in the sector. It focuses on field vegetables. Separate reports for potatoes, greenhouse vegetables and mushrooms are prepared annually.

Canada's field vegetable production volume increased by 3.7% over 2021 to more than 2.3 million metric tons in 2022, largely due to increased production of commodities such as field tomatoes (+2.7%) and dry onions (+17.8%). By volume, field tomatoes comprise the largest proportion of field vegetable production (22.5%), followed by carrots (14.8%) and dry onions (12.2%).

Ontario remained the largest producing province, accounting for more than 56% of Canada's total production of field vegetables in 2022, followed by Quebec with over 32%. British Columbia, Nova Scotia and Alberta each contributed roughly 3% to total production, while other field vegetable producing provinces each accounted for less 1% of Canada's total production. Despite drought conditions in July 2022, Ontario's total field vegetable production increased by 5.5% over 2021. Quebec producers noted that heavy rains negatively affected some crops like broccoli, cabbage, lettuce and carrots, with other crops having fared well, with overall total production having grown by 2.5% in 2022 over 2021. In British Columbia, total production rose by 2.3% in 2022, as growing conditions were generally more favourable than in 2021. Total production across the Atlantic provinces fell in 2022 compared to 2021 as the impacts of Hurricane Fiona came at harvest time.

Total farm gate value of Canadian field vegetables jumped 11.2% to $1.57 billion in 2022, with the increase mainly attributed to higher yields and farm gate sales. By commodity, notable farm gate value increases in 2022 included dry onions (+32.6%), lettuce (+19.8%) and carrots (+10.5%). The combined farm gate values for dry onions, carrots, tomatoes, cabbage, lettuce, and peppers comprised nearly 50% of the total value of field vegetables grown in Canada last year. In 2022, dry onions recorded the highest farm gate value ($157.2 million), followed by carrots ($153.9 million), tomatoes ($128.4 million), cabbage ($117.8 million) and lettuce ($101.8 million).

Dry onions showed strong growth in terms of production and value in 2022. Dry onions represent Canada's most important field vegetable crop in terms of value ($157.2 million in 2022) and third-most important in terms of production volume (287,499 metric tons in 2022). Planted area for dry onions in 2022 (5,979 hectares) decreased by 1.0% compared to 2021 (6,041 hectares). Dry onions are mainly produced in Quebec (46%), Ontario (37%) and Alberta (10%). As noted earlier, total production of dry onions increased by 17.8% in 2022 over 2021, while overall farm gate value increased by 32.6%.

In 2022, carrots were Canada's second-most important field vegetable crop in terms of value ($153.9 million), along with being the second-most important in terms of total production volume (348,135 metric tons), and the third-most significant crop in terms of planted area (9,550 hectares). Planted area decreased by 1.3% in 2022 compared to 2021. The majority of carrot production takes place in Ontario (46%), Quebec (34%) and Nova Scotia (14%). Total production of carrots in 2022 experienced a decline (−2.0%) over the previous year, although overall farm gate value grew by 10.5%.

Canada's most important field vegetable crop in terms of total production volume continues to be field tomatoes (528,938 metric tons in 2022). Field tomatoes are also the third-most important crop in terms of value ($128.4 million in 2022), with production being heavily concentrated in Ontario (98%). The majority of Canada's production of field tomatoes (92%) is destined for the processing market. In 2022, total acreage for field tomatoes (6,216 hectares) decreased by 4.7% over 2021, however, total production increased by 2.7% and farm gate value increased by 9.6%.

Based on increased domestic production, price inflation and growth in demand for certain field vegetables, total Canadian field vegetable export values grew by 34.3% in 2022 over the previous year to $1.02 billion. This surge was driven by increases in export values for various commodities, including cucumbers and gherkins (+250.5%), onions and shallots (+58.8%) and lettuce (+39.3%). The United States remained Canada's largest purchaser, importing 95.9% of Canada's total field vegetable exports in terms of value.

Due to its geographical location and short growing season, Canada is highly dependent on imports to satisfy domestic demand for vegetables throughout the year. Canada's field vegetable trade deficit was $2.97 billion in 2022. As the fourth-largest fresh vegetable importer worldwide by value, Canada imported more than $3.9 billion in field vegetables in 2022, increasing by 10.6% over 2021. More than $2.4 billion in field vegetable imports (62.2%) were sourced from the United States. Mexico was the second-largest source of Canadian imports, with over $909 million (22.8%) in import value. The top imported field vegetables in terms of value included lettuce (17.9% of all field vegetable imports), onions and shallots (8.1%), cauliflowers and headed broccoli (7.9%), cabbages (7.6%), and tomatoes (5.9%).

1. Production

1.1. Number of field vegetable farms^{Table 1.1 note [1]}^{Table 1.1 note [2]} by province

	2011	2016	2021	2021 % Share
Newfoundland and Labrador	87	73	73	1.8%
Prince Edward Island	37	48	43	1.0%
Nova Scotia	127	170	132	3.2%
New Brunswick	87	92	78	1.9%
Quebec	750	981	1,035	25.1%
Ontario	1,361	1,709	1,430	34.7%
Manitoba	90	119	107	2.6%
Saskatchewan	47	82	70	1.7%
Alberta	128	174	164	4.0%
British Columbia	785	1,061	993	24.1%
Canada	3,499	4,509	4,125	100.0%
Notes: Table 1.1 note [1] Number of farms includes all farms reported to be growing field vegetables and on which field vegetable production represents 50% or more of total farm cash receipts. Return to table 1.1 note [1] referrer Table 1.1 note [2] Includes melons. Return to table 1.1 note [2] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0166-01 Farms classified by farm type, Census of Agriculture historical data

1.2. Planted area of field vegetables by commodity (hectares)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
Corn, sweet	17,552	17,516	17,405	17,725	17,094	15.7%
Peas, green	11,388	11,493	12,272	11,099	12,186	11.2%
Carrots^{Table 1.2 note [1]}	8,344	8,461	9,198	9,677	9,550	8.8%
Beans, green or wax	8,477	8,092	8,485	7,588	8,820	8.1%
Cabbage^{Table 1.2 note [2]}	5,911	5,600	5,982	6,410	6,410	5.9%
Tomatoes	6,559	6,216	6,272	6,523	6,216	5.7%
Dry onions	5,624	5,702	5,936	6,041	5,979	5.5%
Pumpkins	3,197	3,275	3,854	4,714	5,206	4.8%
Broccoli	4,571	4,550	4,323	4,350	4,147	3.8%
Lettuce^{Table 1.2 note [3]}	3,931	3,902	3,367	3,420	3,862	3.6%
Squash and zucchinis	3,217	3,042	2,998	3,377	3,429	3.2%
Asparagus	2,319	2,431	2,438	2,411	2,736	2.5%
Cucumbers and gherkins	2,433	2,465	2,382	2,518	2,623	2.4%
Peppers	2,514	2,262	2,441	2,462	2,388	2.2%
Cauliflowers	1,921	1,882	1,896	2,024	1,953	1.8%
Beets	1,758	1,817	2,011	2,144	1,910	1.8%
Rutabagas and turnips	1,531	1,524	1,593	1,652	1,559	1.4%
Radishes^{Table 1.2 note [4]}	1,143	1,061	1,244	1,203	1,201	1.1%
Sweet potatoes	726	811	808	1,008	1,138	1.0%
Garlic	641	566	850	948	948	0.9%
Spinach	728	707	619	853	902	0.8%
Shallots and green onions	754	806	671	801	888	0.8%
Celery	803	781	795	894	886	0.8%
Watermelons	696	719	668	767	811	0.7%
Brussels sprouts	669	650	675	745	788	0.7%
Other melons	505	465	428	466	476	0.4%
Leeks	337	350	352	359	351	0.3%
Other fine herbs	294	337	322	344	347	0.3%
Parsnips	368	349	350	271	264	0.2%
Eggplants	223	241	215	230	245	0.2%
Rhubarb	216	198	193	222	196	0.2%
Parsley	153	134	127	156	169	0.2%
Other vegetables	4,410	3,888	3,222	2,929	2,946	2.7%
Total^{Table 1.2 note [5]}	103,914	102,292	104,393	106,334	108,624	100.0%
Notes: Table 1.2 note [1] Includes baby carrots and regular carrots. Return to table 1.2 note [1] referrer Table 1.2 note [2] Includes regular cabbage, kale and Chinese cabbage. Return to table 1.2 note [2] referrer Table 1.2 note [3] Includes leaf lettuce, head lettuce and mixed lettuce. Return to table 1.2 note [3] referrer Table 1.2 note [4] Includes Asian radishes. Return to table 1.2 note [4] referrer Table 1.2 note [5] Totals may not add up as some data was suppressed to meet confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act. Return to table 1.2 note [5] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0365-01 Area, production and farm gate value of vegetables

1.3. Planted area of field vegetables^{Table 1.3 note [1]} by province (hectares)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
Newfoundland and Labrador	265	260	264	279	259	0.2%
Prince Edward Island	964	904	871	868	757	0.7%
Nova Scotia	2,160	2,223	2,260	2,228	2,196	2.0%
New Brunswick	594	556	526	603	589	0.5%
Quebec	37,473	37,862	38,567	39,001	40,342	37.1%
Ontario	50,945	49,295	50,880	51,663	53,361	49.1%
Manitoba	1,612	1,524	1,455	1,437	1,294	1.2%
Saskatchewan	331	326	376	390	464	0.4%
Alberta	3,776	3,762	3,974	4,140	4,043	3.7%
British Columbia	5,796	5,579	5,219	5,725	5,320	4.9%
Canada^{Table 1.3 note [2]}	103,914	102,292	104,393	106,334	108,624	100.0%
Notes: Table 1.3 note [1] Includes melons. Return to table 1.3 note [1] referrer Table 1.3 note [2] Totals may not add up as some data was suppressed to meet confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act. Return to table 1.3 note [2] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0365-01 Area, production and farm gate value of vegetables

1.4. Production volume of field vegetables by commodity (metric tons)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
Tomatoes	497,438	490,286	492,072	515,013	528,938	22.5%
Carrots^{Table 1.4 note [1]}	361,539	362,984	360,226	355,271	348,135	14.8%
Dry onions	241,619	250,847	232,800	244,015	287,499	12.2%
Corn, sweet	189,691	189,554	197,966	195,786	201,028	8.5%
Cabbage^{Table 1.4 note [2]}	170,141	163,881	169,512	175,280	183,055	7.8%
Pumpkins	76,042	75,925	96,938	84,005	86,785	3.7%
Lettuce^{Table 1.4 note [3]}	85,755	84,902	66,813	75,612	82,993	3.5%
Peppers	66,945	63,438	67,747	69,815	68,846	2.9%
Cucumbers and gherkins	57,295	59,344	57,655	57,720	60,721	2.6%
Beets	43,298	46,325	48,403	56,339	49,997	2.1%
Beans, green or wax	56,268	58,417	52,270	45,240	48,254	2.1%
Squash and zucchinis	56,064	53,877	49,496	45,035	48,210	2.0%
Peas, green	45,531	48,662	50,178	42,251	46,927	2.0%
Rutabagas and turnips	47,138	45,737	45,077	43,016	42,722	1.8%
Broccoli	42,427	42,313	38,250	40,709	36,034	1.5%
Watermelons	30,548	32,942	33,562	34,780	35,012	1.5%
Celery	32,414	32,441	30,758	32,756	31,732	1.3%
Cauliflowers	28,996	31,598	29,794	30,659	29,442	1.3%
Shallots and green onions	15,592	16,269	13,716	14,210	18,999	0.8%
Sweet potatoes	12,935	13,690	10,911	14,797	16,883	0.7%
Radishes^{Table 1.4 note [4]}	15,802	15,618	15,167	15,752	15,745	0.7%
Other melons	14,259	12,472	11,058	10,939	10,804	0.5%
Asparagus	8,963	10,235	7,761	8,936	9,938	0.4%
Brussels sprouts	6,331	6,394	6,541	5,686	6,874	0.3%
Spinach	4,832	4,607	4,154	6,406	6,677	0.3%
Leeks	6,127	6,413	6,713	6,785	6,647	0.3%
Parsnips	7,137	6,264	6,078	5,638	6,032	0.3%
Eggplants	3,248	3,475	3,383	3,028	3,806	0.2%
Other fine herbs	1,084	1,580	1,971	2,227	2,218	0.1%
Garlic	1,490	1,248	1,840	1,938	1,973	0.1%
Parsley	2,507	1,898	1,814	1,799	1,791	0.1%
Rhubarb	1,680	1,656	1,281	1,423	1,250	0.1%
Other vegetables	34,788	35,837	33,035	26,750	27,656	1.2%
Total^{Table 1.4 note [5]}	2,265,925	2,271,130	2,244,939	2,269,618	2,353,623	100.0%
Notes: Table 1.4 note [1] Includes baby carrots and regular carrots. Return to table 1.4 note [1] referrer Table 1.4 note [2] Includes regular cabbage, kale and Chinese cabbage. Return to table 1.4 note [2] referrer Table 1.4 note [3] Includes leaf lettuce, head lettuce and mixed lettuce. Return to table 1.4 note [3] referrer Table 1.4 note [4] Includes Asian radishes. Return to table 1.4 note [4] referrer Table 1.4 note [5] Totals may not add up as some data was suppressed to meet confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act. Return to table 1.4 note [5] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0365-01 Area, production and farm gate value of vegetables

1.5. Production volume^{Table 1.5 note [1]} of field vegetables by province (metric tons)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
Newfoundland and Labrador	3,484	3,333	3,265	3,470	2,895	0.1%
Prince Edward Island	24,678	24,145	24,804	19,993	13,760	0.6%
Nova Scotia	56,297	57,655	68,421	73,406	70,280	3.0%
New Brunswick	6,437	7,800	6,839	8,182	7,503	0.3%
Quebec	698,481	704,491	665,215	744,153	762,758	32.4%
Ontario	1,300,680	1,306,839	1,310,972	1,265,530	1,335,631	56.7%
Manitoba	28,573	27,356	25,875	22,790	22,123	0.9%
Saskatchewan	3,416	3,972	3,595	3,137	3,520	0.1%
Alberta	59,124	54,645	59,016	59,091	63,702	2.7%
British Columbia	84,755	80,894	76,936	69,865	71,451	3.0%
Canada^{Table 1.5 note [2]}	2,265,925	2,271,130	2,244,939	2,269,618	2,353,623	100.0%
Notes: Table 1.5 note [1] Includes melons. Return to table 1.5 note [1] referrer Table 1.5 note [2] Totals may not add up as some data was suppressed to meet confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act. Return to table 1.5 note [2] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0365-01 Area, production and farm gate value of vegetables

1.6. Farm gate value^{Table 1.6 note [1]} of field vegetables by commodity (CAN$ '000)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
Dry onions	101,940	112,449	115,651	118,572	157,182	10.0%
Carrots^{Table 1.6 note [2]}	129,170	139,818	136,105	139,265	153,857	9.8%
Tomatoes	106,820	109,857	116,706	117,162	128,376	8.2%
Cabbage^{Table 1.6 note [3]}	91,237	87,945	99,755	107,715	117,819	7.5%
Lettuce^{Table 1.6 note [4]}	81,844	82,370	77,971	84,967	101,818	6.5%
Peppers	68,632	74,405	82,162	87,575	92,626	5.9%
Corn, sweet	76,193	78,373	84,272	84,781	90,175	5.7%
Broccoli	75,850	79,364	77,937	84,679	78,973	5.0%
Squash and zucchinis	40,538	42,164	46,113	50,996	54,936	3.5%
Cucumbers and gherkins	33,771	37,491	39,509	46,413	49,547	3.2%
Asparagus	38,094	45,130	41,726	42,875	48,678	3.1%
Shallots and green onions	30,851	32,686	32,488	31,852	46,576	3.0%
Beans, green or wax	35,620	39,159	39,803	35,662	45,879	2.9%
Cauliflowers	32,475	36,670	36,650	39,541	38,334	2.4%
Pumpkins	27,944	32,101	36,226	33,085	36,802	2.3%
Rutabagas and turnips	28,872	31,297	31,155	31,279	32,656	2.1%
Peas, green	22,127	23,969	25,585	23,262	27,522	1.8%
Celery	17,816	19,896	22,150	25,178	24,746	1.6%
Beets	18,734	19,037	20,708	20,893	24,052	1.5%
Radishes^{Table 1.6 note [5]}	16,473	19,135	20,836	22,173	23,837	1.5%
Garlic	15,135	14,245	20,815	23,044	23,116	1.5%
Watermelons	11,847	13,649	15,559	17,791	18,322	1.2%
Spinach	10,620	10,355	10,416	15,605	17,136	1.1%
Brussels sprouts	12,593	13,078	14,256	13,326	15,995	1.0%
Sweet potatoes	12,734	13,507	11,526	12,627	15,806	1.0%
Leeks	11,066	12,316	13,685	14,441	14,872	0.9%
Other melons	9,057	8,737	9,012	9,364	9,330	0.6%
Other fine herbs	3,602	5,368	6,410	7,941	7,949	0.5%
Parsnips	8,875	8,179	8,506	6,651	6,032	0.4%
Eggplants	2,927	4,789	5,094	5,524	7,136	0.5%
Parsley	6,080	5,071	5,202	5,260	5,233	0.3%
Rhubarb	2,728	2,809	2,322	3,065	2,817	0.2%
Other vegetables	74,574	48,259	55,432	48,275	48,704	3.1%
Total^{Table 1.6 note [6]}	1,256,842	1,303,677	1,361,744	1,410,842	1,568,300	100.0%
Notes: Table 1.6 note [1] Farm-gate value is the value received by producers at the point of first transaction, when ownership first changes hands. This value excludes any separately billed costs such as delivery, storage, marketing and administration. Return to table 1.6 note [1] referrer Table 1.6 note [2] Includes baby carrots and regular carrots. Return to table 1.6 note [2] referrer Table 1.6 note [3] Includes regular cabbage, kale and Chinese cabbage. Return to table 1.6 note [3] referrer Table 1.6 note [4] Includes leaf lettuce, head lettuce and mixed lettuce. Return to table 1.6 note [4] referrer Table 1.6 note [5] Includes Asian radishes. Return to table 1.6 note [5] referrer Table 1.6 note [6] Totals may not add up as some data was suppressed to meet confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act. Return to table 1.6 note [6] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0365-01 Area, production and farm gate value of vegetables

1.7. Farm gate value^{Table 1.7 note [1]} of field vegetables by province (CAN$ '000)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
Newfoundland and Labrador	4,693	5,110	5,535	6,061	5,290	0.3%
Prince Edward Island	13,475	13,635	13,871	11,939	10,630	0.7%
Nova Scotia	32,748	28,986	30,753	29,697	31,239	2.0%
New Brunswick	7,593	7,836	7,348	9,782	9,439	0.6%
Quebec	456,603	490,124	507,230	572,624	632,439	40.3%
Ontario	551,929	567,328	591,933	582,915	660,620	42.1%
Manitoba	30,341	32,995	33,045	29,630	30,151	1.9%
Saskatchewan	5,628	6,801	6,569	5,960	7,125	0.5%
Alberta	47,927	46,798	52,336	52,843	61,497	3.9%
British Columbia	105,904	104,064	113,122	109,391	119,870	7.6%
Canada^{Table 1.7 note [2]}	1,256,842	1,303,677	1,361,744	1,410,842	1,568,300	100.0%
Notes: Table 1.7 note [1] Farm-gate value is the value received by producers at the point of first transaction, when ownership first changes hands. This value excludes any separately billed costs such as delivery, storage, marketing and administration. Return to table 1.7 note [1] referrer Table 1.7 note [2] Totals may not add up as some data was suppressed to meet confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act. Return to table 1.7 note [2] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0365-01 Area, production and farm gate value of vegetables

2. Trade

2.1. Canadian field vegetable^{Table 2.1 note [1]}^{Table 2.1 note [2]} trade balance — by value (CAN$ '000)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Exports	737,952	770,609	722,599	759,635	1,020,190
Imports	3,425,872	3,757,441	3,727,824	3,607,606	3,991,702
Trade balance (exports − imports)	−2,687,919	−2,986,832	−3,005,225	−2,847,972	−2,971,513
Notes: Table 2.1 note [1] Includes frozen vegetables. Return to table 2.1 note [1] referrer Table 2.1 note [2] Excludes greenhouse vegetables, potatoes and mushrooms. Return to table 2.1 note [2] referrer Source: Statistics Canada (CATSNET, April 2023)

2.2. Exports

2.2.1. Canada's field vegetable^{Table 2.2.1 note [1]} exports by commodity — by value (CAN$ '000)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
Onions and shallots	58,831	55,525	55,922	65,960	104,724	10.3%
Lettuce^{Table 2.2.1 note [2]}	60,274	70,857	66,284	69,807	97,227	9.5%
Cabbages^{Table 2.2.1 note [3]}	79,292	68,056	67,118	76,143	87,565	8.6%
Carrots	72,067	71,446	66,610	68,480	84,988	8.3%
Cucumbers and gherkins	25,232	32,309	27,129	18,366	64,380	6.3%
Beans^{Table 2.2.1 note [4]}	58,373	57,205	56,079	52,429	55,278	5.4%
Peppers	38,449	38,964	42,597	33,259	48,604	4.8%
Cauliflowers and headed broccoli	16,608	30,498	19,553	30,299	35,886	3.5%
Sweet potatoes	26,763	30,175	31,230	29,846	34,633	3.4%
Pumpkins, squash and gourds	23,978	27,452	30,456	26,916	34,256	3.4%
Tomatoes	23,500	29,247	28,056	27,261	26,964	2.6%
Sweet corn^{Table 2.2.1 note [4]}	27,376	23,285	22,969	24,423	24,158	2.4%
Peas^{Table 2.2.1 note [4]}	19,737	24,074	21,871	15,508	22,723	2.2%
Spinach^{Table 2.2.1 note [4]}	7,744	7,113	8,870	8,706	22,255	2.2%
Asparagus	8,348	11,973	7,691	10,205	10,711	1.0%
Leeks^{Table 2.2.1 note [5]}	1,884	1,914	2,601	2,861	10,640	1.0%
Aubergines (egg-plants)	6,157	7,527	11,602	7,489	8,186	0.8%
Celery	4,042	4,842	3,315	5,186	8,110	0.8%
Brussels sprouts	3,556	4,054	4,066	2,911	4,101	0.4%
Garlic	695	525	829	996	1,237	0.1%
Turnips	732	784	479	411	752	0.1%
Other vegetables^{Table 2.2.1 note [4]}	174,315	172,783	147,272	182,174	232,812	22.8%
Total	737,952	770,609	722,599	759,635	1,020,190	100.0%
Notes: Table 2.2.1 note [1] Excludes greenhouse vegetables, potatoes and mushrooms. Return to table 2.2.1 note [1] referrer Table 2.2.1 note [2] Includes cabbage lettuce (head lettuce). Return to table 2.2.1 note [2] referrer Table 2.2.1 note [3] Includes kohlrabi and kale and similar edible brassicas. Return to table 2.2.1 note [3] referrer Table 2.2.1 note [4] Includes frozen. Return to table 2.2.1 note [4] referrer Table 2.2.1 note [5] Includes other alliaceous vegetables. Return to table 2.2.1 note [5] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. (CATSNET, April 2023)

2.2.2. Canada's field vegetable^{Table 2.2.2 note [1]} exports by commodity — by volume (metric tons)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
Carrots	93,935	100,824	85,983	91,406	98,579	13.7%
Onions and shallots	66,872	61,485	61,682	61,297	84,322	11.7%
Cabbages^{Table 2.2.2 note [2]}	83,760	71,608	72,010	83,630	79,866	11.1%
Cucumbers and gherkins	30,849	38,763	31,772	25,561	46,282	6.4%
Peppers	39,695	40,740	40,087	32,031	41,529	5.8%
Pumpkins, squash and gourds	32,584	36,836	44,571	37,480	37,201	5.2%
Lettuce^{Table 2.2.2 note [3]}	37,744	40,306	32,082	39,239	36,691	5.1%
Beans^{Table 2.2.2 note [4]}	35,200	34,264	34,304	33,634	31,132	4.3%
Cauliflowers and headed broccoli	14,625	23,768	15,410	23,787	24,612	3.4%
Sweet potatoes	36,870	42,236	42,982	40,985	47,102	6.6%
Sweet corn^{Table 2.2.2 note [4]}	19,517	17,297	17,583	18,824	17,461	2.4%
Peas^{Table 2.2.2 note [4]}	11,530	13,645	12,781	10,721	13,951	1.9%
Tomatoes	13,703	13,365	8,309	10,918	11,317	1.6%
Celery	5,506	7,910	4,508	6,317	8,247	1.1%
Leeks^{Table 2.2.2 note [5]}	671	701	951	940	3,318	0.5%
Spinach^{Table 2.2.2 note [4]}	1,886	1,445	1,464	1,610	2,900	0.4%
Aubergines (egg-plants)	2,028	2,399	2,885	2,175	2,325	0.3%
Asparagus	1,648	2,087	1,289	1,897	2,020	0.3%
Brussels sprouts	1,315	1,346	1,428	806	1,067	0.1%
Turnips	661	558	362	331	761	0.1%
Garlic	189	107	147	237	301	0.0%
Other vegetables^{Table 2.2.2 note [4]}	107,836	104,829	93,842	113,487	127,965	17.8%
Total	638,623	656,517	606,433	637,315	718,948	100.0%
Notes: Table 2.2.2 note [1] Excludes greenhouse vegetables, potatoes and mushrooms. Return to table 2.2.2 note [1] referrer Table 2.2.2 note [2] Includes kohlrabi and kale and similar edible brassicas. Return to table 2.2.2 note [2] referrer Table 2.2.2 note [3] Includes cabbage lettuce (head lettuce). Return to table 2.2.2 note [3] referrer Table 2.2.2 note [4] Includes frozen. Return to table 2.2.2 note [4] referrer Table 2.2.2 note [5] Includes other alliaceous vegetables. Return to table 2.2.2 note [5] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. (CATSNET, April 2023)

2.2.3. Top field vegetable^{Table 2.2.3 note [1]}^{Table 2.2.3 note [2]} export destinations — by value (CAN$ '000)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
United States	705,202	730,216	682,326	717,754	978,343	95.9%
Netherlands	20,866	23,765	23,804	22,703	20,577	2.0%
Belgium	28	38	55	0	7,071	0.7%
Israel	2,159	2,696	2,728	2,542	3,614	0.4%
China	315	973	818	1,066	1,720	0.2%
Trinidad and Tobago	435	370	441	330	1,358	0.1%
Kuwait	621	748	678	790	1,038	0.1%
Saint Pierre and Miquelon	623	573	570	579	598	0.1%
Saint Lucia	4	22	117	455	557	0.1%
Taiwan	356	235	65	357	526	0.1%
Türkiye	0	0	187	0	438	0.0%
Switzerland	0	0	0	295	389	0.0%
Costa Rica	307	279	253	707	348	0.0%
Jordan	0	0	0	0	347	0.0%
Dominican Republic	45	11	10	94	314	0.0%
Others	6,992	10,683	10,545	11,962	2,953	0.3%
Total	737,952	770,609	722,599	759,635	1,020,190	100.0%
Notes: Table 2.2.3 note [1] Excludes greenhouse vegetables, potatoes and mushrooms. Return to table 2.2.3 note [1] referrer Table 2.2.3 note [2] Includes frozen. Return to table 2.2.3 note [2] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. (CATSNET, April 2023)

2.2.4. Top field vegetable^{Table 2.2.4 note [1]}^{Table 2.2.4 note [2]} export destinations — by volume (metric tons)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
United States	598,082	607,903	555,818	585,047	665,032	92.5%
Netherlands	29,603	34,048	33,993	32,346	29,158	4.1%
Belgium	18	13	56	0	9,865	1.4%
Israel	3,080	3,851	3,925	3,636	5,071	0.7%
China	274	1,234	915	1,388	2,272	0.3%
Trinidad and Tobago	321	343	474	417	1,714	0.2%
Taiwan	231	110	45	364	557	0.1%
Switzerland	0	0	0	418	553	0.1%
Kuwait	276	365	328	407	485	0.1%
Saint Pierre and Miquelon	413	396	429	402	455	0.1%
Saint Lucia	1	14	89	344	417	0.1%
Jordan	0	0	0	0	405	0.1%
Türkiye	0	0	127	0	355	0.0%
Norway	2,325	2,485	3,129	2,732	226	0.0%
Hong Kong	141	243	289	247	204	0.0%
Others	3,858	5,512	6,818	9,568	2,179	0.3%
Total	638,623	656,517	606,433	637,315	718,948	100.0%
Notes: Table 2.2.4 note [1] Excludes greenhouse vegetables, potatoes and mushrooms. Return to table 2.2.4 note [1] referrer Table 2.2.4 note [2] Includes frozen. Return to table 2.2.4 note [2] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. (CATSNET, April 2023)

2.2.5. Destinations of top 5 Canadian field vegetable^{Table 2.2.5 note [1]} exports — by value (CAN$ '000)

		2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Onions and shallots	United States	58,688	55,289	55,768	65,938	104,534
	France	2	5	5	6	10
	Saint Pierre and Miquelon	1	1	6	6	4
	Eswatini	0	0	0	0	3
	Others	140	230	144	10	0
	Total	58,831	55,525	55,922	65,960	104,551
Lettuce^{Table 2.2.5 note [2]}	United States	60,145	70,849	66,187	69,722	97,049
	United Kingdom	0	0	2	20	143
	Saint Pierre and Miquelon	3	3	18	21	29
	France	10	5	4	3	6
	Others	116	0	73	41	0
	Total	60,274	70,857	66,284	69,807	97,227
Cabbages^{Table 2.2.5 note [3]}	United States	79,029	67,802	66,838	75,951	86,664
	Trinidad and Tobago	132	186	263	186	887
	France	9	6	5	5	4
	Saint Pierre and Miquelon	2	1	2	2	1
	Others	119	60	10	0	0
	Total	79,292	68,056	67,118	76,143	87,556
Carrots	United States	71,930	71,381	66,591	68,474	84,577
	Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	350
	Eswatini	0	0	0	1	6
	France	4	3	5	3	4
	Saint Pierre and Miquelon	1	1	2	3	0
	Others	132	61	12	0	0
	Total	72,067	71,446	66,610	68,480	84,936
Cucumbers and gherkins	United States	25,232	32,281	27,129	18,366	64,380
	Others	0	28	0	0	0
	Total	25,232	32,309	27,129	18,366	64,380
Notes: Table 2.2.5 note [1] Excludes greenhouse vegetables, potatoes and mushrooms. Return to table 2.2.5 note [1] referrer Table 2.2.5 note [2] Includes cabbage lettuce (head lettuce). Return to table 2.2.5 note [2] referrer Table 2.2.5 note [3] Includes kohlrabi and kale and similar edible brassicas. Return to table 2.2.5 note [3] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. (CATSnet, April 2023)

2.2.6. Destinations of top 5 Canadian field vegetable^{Table 2.2.6 note [1]} exports — by volume (metric tons)

		2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Carrots	United States	93,614	100,690	85,941	91,391	97,644
	Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	834
	Eswatini	0	0	0	2	14
	France	10	8	12	7	8
	Saint Pierre and Miquelon	1	1	5	6	1
	Others	309	124	26	0	0
	Total	93,935	100,824	85,983	91,406	98,501
Onions and shallots	United States	66,650	61,217	61,470	61,274	84,109
	France	2	6	6	7	12
	Saint Pierre and Miquelon	1	1	5	6	4
	Eswatini	0	0	0	0	3
	Others	220	262	201	11	0
	Total	66,872	61,485	61,682	61,297	84,128
Cabbages^{Table 2.2.6 note [2]}	United States	83,506	71,298	71,619	83,297	79,037
	Trinidad and Tobago	152	246	378	330	815
	France	6	4	3	3	3
	Saint Pierre and Miquelon	1	1	2	1	1
	Others	94	60	8	0	0
	Total	83,760	71,608	72,010	83,630	79,854
Cucumbers and gherkins	United States	30,849	38,738	31,772	25,561	46,282
	Others	0	0	0	0	0
	Total	30,849	38,763	31,772	25,561	46,282
Peppers	United States	39,651	40,717	40,062	32,006	41,522
	Taiwan	0	0	0	0	7
	France	5	4	5	4	0
	Others	39	19	20	20	0
	Total	39,695	40,740	40,087	32,031	41,529
Notes: Table 2.2.6 note [1] Excludes greenhouse vegetables, potatoes and mushrooms. Return to table 2.2.6 note [1] referrer Table 2.2.6 note [2] Includes kohlrabi and kale and similar edible brassicas. Return to table 2.2.6 note [2] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. (CATSNET, April 2023)

2.3 Imports

2.3.1. Canada's field vegetable^{Table 2.3.1 note [1]} imports by commodity — by value (CAN$ '000)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
Lettuce^{Table 2.3.1 note [2]}	539,261	581,568	575,353	559,252	715,166	17.9%
Onions and shallots	193,406	237,177	215,364	236,725	323,507	8.1%
Cauliflowers and headed broccoli	188,498	200,784	199,578	192,275	316,066	7.9%
Cabbages^{Table 2.3.1 note [3]}	380,289	416,774	407,366	419,176	304,980	7.6%
Tomatoes	266,115	270,662	265,250	230,304	236,345	5.9%
Peppers	206,548	232,760	226,875	228,098	216,012	5.4%
Spinach^{Table 2.3.1 note [4]}	161,820	159,619	166,838	157,020	156,978	3.9%
Carrots	150,872	147,874	149,821	142,273	153,387	3.8%
Beans^{Table 2.3.1 note [4]}	101,285	108,001	111,538	105,390	116,046	2.9%
Asparagus	110,175	110,189	116,376	111,172	103,260	2.6%
Celery	85,828	145,122	94,965	87,294	101,876	2.6%
Peas^{Table 2.3.1 note [4]}	90,375	89,320	88,652	85,460	89,313	2.2%
Sweet corn^{Table 2.3.1 note [4]}	68,333	70,552	78,758	81,314	87,636	2.2%
Sweet potatoes	66,581	75,102	86,722	77,913	78,898	2.0%
Pumpkins, squash and gourds	74,239	74,499	89,610	73,916	78,712	2.0%
Garlic	48,607	60,495	73,144	70,507	78,140	2.0%
Aubergines (egg-plants)	35,362	41,242	48,507	45,736	50,472	1.3%
Yams	31,054	39,841	47,206	41,033	41,656	1.0%
Brussels sprouts	27,331	33,688	35,191	34,031	36,201	0.9%
Bamboo shoots and cactus leaves	28,102	29,617	29,599	29,107	35,643	0.9%
Okra	20,468	23,846	27,005	27,351	31,552	0.8%
Cucumbers and gherkins	44,622	41,820	40,673	33,643	26,335	0.7%
Radishes	16,763	19,231	20,587	21,209	21,854	0.5%
Parsley	18,036	19,565	19,194	19,478	21,230	0.5%
Leeks	11,510	13,945	15,092	15,596	17,881	0.4%
Other vegetables^{Table 2.3.1 note [4]}	460,392	514,149	498,560	482,335	552,670	13.8%
Total	3,425,872	3,757,441	3,727,824	3,607,606	3,991,815	100.0%
Notes: Table 2.3.1 note [1] Excludes greenhouse vegetables, potatoes and mushrooms. Return to table 2.3.1 note [1] referrer Table 2.3.1 note [2] Includes cabbage lettuce (head lettuce). Return to table 2.3.1 note [2] referrer Table 2.3.1 note [3] Includes kohlrabi and kale and similar edible brassicas. Return to table 2.3.1 note [3] referrer Table 2.3.1 note [4] Includes frozen. Return to table 2.3.1 note [4] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. (CATSNET, April 2023)

2.3.2. Canada's field vegetable^{Table 2.3.2 note [1]} imports by commodity — by volume (metric tons)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
Lettuce^{Table 2.3.2 note [2]}	271,831	278,521	257,053	267,164	265,207	14.4%
Onions and shallots	187,087	206,850	210,761	248,420	236,388	12.9%
Cauliflowers and headed broccoli	110,080	110,568	109,035	124,851	153,839	8.4%
Cabbages^{Table 2.3.2 note [3]}	176,504	188,418	178,690	188,976	120,540	6.6%
Tomatoes	158,823	151,989	121,460	125,430	120,046	6.5%
Carrots	115,073	109,786	107,915	109,781	98,626	5.4%
Peppers	91,695	98,748	89,958	100,554	84,150	4.6%
Sweet potatoes	72,402	68,573	76,306	81,274	81,950	4.5%
Celery	88,271	81,683	92,665	87,053	77,831	4.2%
Pumpkins, squash and gourds	55,580	57,611	60,001	59,557	53,061	2.9%
Sweet corn^{Table 2.3.2 note [4]}	58,542	59,995	51,670	64,175	51,024	2.8%
Spinach^{Table 2.3.2 note [4]}	46,620	45,947	47,964	48,423	47,906	2.6%
Beans^{Table 2.3.2 note [4]}	40,530	42,531	41,455	38,532	39,563	2.2%
Aubergines (egg-plants)	25,253	26,217	27,374	28,212	26,510	1.4%
Garlic	21,391	20,685	24,240	22,921	24,474	1.3%
Peas^{Table 2.3.2 note [4]}	21,643	21,314	22,645	24,620	23,031	1.3%
Asparagus	24,015	23,421	24,855	27,496	21,859	1.2%
Cucumbers and gherkins	30,566	28,664	29,105	26,782	18,800	1.0%
Yams	17,128	19,437	20,206	19,951	18,488	1.0%
Radishes	15,773	17,724	18,209	17,857	16,259	0.9%
Bamboo shoots and cactus leaves	12,985	13,474	14,145	14,672	14,211	0.8%
Brussels sprouts	10,466	10,475	11,897	12,630	11,512	0.6%
Parsley	9,596	10,045	9,181	8,880	8,504	0.5%
Okra	7,049	7,709	7,507	8,094	7,157	0.4%
Leeks	5,348	6,397	6,746	6,463	6,640	0.4%
Other vegetables^{Table 2.3.2 note [4]}	191,480	224,669	202,532	209,691	208,431	11.4%
Total	1,865,733	1,931,449	1,863,574	1,972,458	1,836,008	100.0%
Notes: Table 2.3.2 note [1] Excludes greenhouse vegetables, potatoes and mushrooms. Return to table 2.3.2 note [1] referrer Table 2.3.2 note [2] Includes cabbage lettuce (head lettuce). Return to table 2.3.2 note [2] referrer Table 2.3.2 note [3] Includes kohlrabi and kale and similar edible brassicas. Return to table 2.3.2 note [3] referrer Table 2.3.2 note [4] Includes frozen. Return to table 2.3.2 note [4] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. (CATSNET, April 2023)

2.3.3. Top field vegetable^{Table 2.3.3 note [1]} import sources — by value (CAN$ '000)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
United States	2,211,599	2,371,947	2,310,313	2,222,557	2,482,777	62.2%
Mexico	757,709	856,204	860,553	842,194	909,837	22.8%
China	148,200	161,288	166,693	160,429	185,955	4.7%
Guatemala	38,580	48,821	57,916	56,116	59,176	1.5%
Spain	34,395	49,048	43,560	34,013	40,504	1.0%
Peru	42,361	41,465	47,727	40,134	39,473	1.0%
India	19,031	23,410	24,252	28,107	32,522	0.8%
Honduras	22,002	28,462	32,854	32,226	30,654	0.8%
Belgium	13,237	20,908	20,541	21,931	19,459	0.5%
Ecuador	7,889	15,700	18,802	15,134	16,570	0.4%
Costa Rica	10,316	11,126	9,374	10,842	14,336	0.4%
Poland	9,489	9,398	8,933	10,329	12,996	0.3%
Türkiye	2,510	3,095	3,427	8,626	12,951	0.3%
Dominican Republic	12,498	11,782	12,064	12,317	12,722	0.3%
Jamaica	9,263	10,114	12,040	11,797	11,873	0.3%
Others	86,791	94,673	98,774	100,855	110,009	2.8%
Total	3,425,872	3,757,441	3,727,824	3,607,606	3,991,815	100.0%
Note: Table 2.3.3 note [1] Excludes greenhouse vegetables, potatoes and mushrooms. Return to table 2.3.3 note [1] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. (CATSNET, April 2023)

2.3.4. Top field vegetable^{Table 2.3.4 note [1]} import sources — by volume (metric tons)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
United States	1,252,362	1,262,774	1,213,589	1,296,383	1,189,797	64.8%
Mexico	406,589	428,724	413,811	439,670	415,309	22.6%
China	78,959	87,969	85,393	78,652	76,887	4.2%
Spain	15,465	21,640	19,900	16,797	22,243	1.2%
Belgium	8,001	13,456	12,986	14,192	12,049	0.7%
Guatemala	10,960	12,830	12,443	11,787	10,928	0.6%
Peru	11,746	11,884	13,643	12,816	10,895	0.6%
Honduras	9,732	12,103	12,288	13,201	9,748	0.5%
Costa Rica	7,805	7,692	8,128	9,944	9,300	0.5%
India	5,911	7,480	7,451	8,692	8,765	0.5%
Poland	7,125	8,086	7,009	8,890	8,763	0.5%
Ecuador	3,756	7,471	8,936	7,453	7,268	0.4%
Türkiye	600	738	981	4,842	7,009	0.4%
Dominican Republic	8,196	7,757	6,888	6,590	6,600	0.4%
France	4,729	4,494	4,021	4,037	4,998	0.3%
Others	33,799	36,352	36,108	38,512	35,450	1.9%
Total	1,865,733	1,931,449	1,863,574	1,972,458	1,836,008	100.0%
Note: Table 2.3.4 note [1] Excludes greenhouse vegetables, potatoes and mushrooms. Return to table 2.3.4 note [1] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. (CATSNET, April 2023)

2.3.5. Sources of top 5 Canadian field vegetable^{Table 2.3.5 note [1]} imports — by value (CAN$ '000)

		2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Lettuce^{Table 2.3.5 note [2]}	United States	524,049	559,615	553,218	524,469	653,905
	Mexico	13,376	19,638	20,263	33,457	58,013
	Spain	379	366	157	313	2,085
	China	684	1,128	1,038	446	324
	Netherlands	97	124	82	178	206
	Others	676	697	595	389	634
	Total	539,261	581,568	575,353	559,252	715,166
Onions and shallots	United States	122,495	158,035	140,265	161,369	217,538
	Mexico	55,506	63,171	57,866	56,050	81,005
	Peru	7,060	7,596	9,601	9,047	9,615
	Spain	1,505	1,454	1,531	2,056	6,964
	Netherlands	2,377	959	1,732	1,994	2,682
	Others	4,462	5,961	4,369	6,208	5,702
	Total	193,406	237,177	215,364	236,725	323,507
Cauliflowers and headed broccoli	United States	166,005	167,140	164,844	161,415	245,020
	Mexico	20,630	30,075	32,018	29,919	63,977
	Guatemala	0	188	843	58	6,116
	Spain	1,356	2,862	1,524	765	658
	Netherlands	2	10	0	0	142
	Others	505	508	349	118	153
	Total	188,498	200,784	199,578	192,275	316,066
Cabbages^{Table 2.3.5 note [3]}	United States	314,624	329,457	312,068	333,271	246,444
	Mexico	58,571	76,163	84,247	76,885	56,460
	China	2,802	3,185	3,078	2,177	1,609
	South Korea	716	1,098	713	308	196
	India	5	6	8	4	60
	Others	3,572	6,864	7,252	6,531	211
	Total	380,289	416,774	407,366	419,176	304,980
Tomatoes	Mexico	171,119	173,171	160,443	143,993	135,852
	United States	93,246	94,456	101,092	84,868	98,638
	Guatemala	857	2,522	2,869	1,321	1,454
	Morocco	0	0	0	0	355
	Dominican Republic	255	27	56	120	29
	Others	637	487	789	2	18
	Total	266,115	270,662	265,250	230,304	236,345
Notes: Table 2.3.5 note [1] Excludes greenhouse vegetables, potatoes and mushrooms. Return to table 2.3.5 note [1] referrer Table 2.3.5 note [2] Includes cabbage lettuce (head lettuce). Return to table 2.3.5 note [2] referrer Table 2.3.5 note [3] Includes kohlrabi and kale and similar edible brassicas. Return to table 2.3.5 note [3] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. (CATSNET, April 2023)

2.3.6. Sources of top 5 Canadian field vegetable^{Table 2.3.6 note [1]} imports — by volume (metric tons)

		2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Lettuce^{Table 2.3.6 note [2]}	United States	263,431	268,010	246,909	253,074	244,374
	Mexico	7,623	9,493	9,379	13,635	20,026
	Spain	136	116	48	56	420
	China	393	668	536	230	174
	Netherlands	23	26	20	71	30
	Others	226	207	161	98	183
	Total	271,831	278,521	257,053	267,164	265,207
Onions and shallots	United States	148,853	168,571	171,352	204,932	187,349
	Mexico	27,041	27,202	26,927	29,112	31,207
	Peru	4,555	4,708	5,942	5,718	5,055
	Spain	2,236	1,777	2,249	3,205	7,935
	Netherlands	2,102	591	1,543	2,184	2,314
	Others	2,300	4,001	2,748	3,269	2,528
	Total	187,087	206,850	210,761	248,420	236,388
Cauliflowers and headed broccoli	United States	96,307	91,899	89,138	103,887	118,271
	Mexico	12,987	17,045	18,645	20,435	34,274
	Guatemala	0	56	249	17	982
	Spain	496	1,231	809	439	216
	Netherlands	0	2	0	0	27
	Others	290	336	193	73	69
	Total	110,080	110,568	109,035	124,851	153,839
Cabbages^{Table 2.3.6 note [3]}	United States	127,123	131,223	121,400	133,054	85,411
	Mexico	42,043	46,277	50,028	51,453	33,476
	China	4,116	5,117	3,944	2,325	1,333
	South Korea	904	1,567	654	327	211
	India	2	2	2	1	13
	Others	2,317	4,231	2,662	1,816	96
	Total	176,504	188,418	178,690	188,976	120,540
Tomatoes	Mexico	94,386	92,993	72,442	76,685	68,775
	United States	63,644	57,771	47,759	48,241	50,769
	Guatemala	336	1,045	947	387	414
	Morocco	0	0	0	0	64
	Dominican Republic	128	9	38	116	18
	Others	329	171	274	0	5
	Total	158,823	151,989	121,460	125,430	120,046
Notes: Table 2.3.6 note [1] Excludes greenhouse vegetables, potatoes and mushrooms. Return to table 2.3.6 note [1] referrer Table 2.3.6 note [2] Includes cabbage lettuce (head lettuce). Return to table 2.3.6 note [2] referrer Table 2.3.6 note [3] Includes kohlrabi and kale and similar edible brassicas. Return to table 2.3.6 note [3] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. (CATSNET, April 2023)

3. Availability for consumption

3.1. Fresh vegetable available^{Table 3.1 note [1]} for consumption^{Table 3.1 note [2]} in Canada (kilograms per person)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
Onions and shallots fresh	8.44	8.86	9.58	9.37	9.20	14.0%
Lettuce fresh^{Table 3.1 note [3]}	8.20	8.29	7.45	7.85	7.90	12.0%
Tomatoes fresh^{Table 3.1 note [3]}	8.42	7.87	7.09	7.23	7.49	11.4%
Carrots fresh	7.27	6.46	6.71	6.26	6.04	9.2%
Cabbage fresh	4.26	4.50	4.36	4.25	4.33	6.6%
Peppers fresh^{Table 3.1 note [3]}	4.33	4.31	3.95	4.22	3.89	5.9%
Broccoli fresh	2.45	2.37	2.30	2.50	2.96	4.5%
Pumpkins and squash fresh	3.20	3.17	3.45	2.99	2.88	4.4%
Corn fresh	2.84	2.78	2.60	2.93	2.45	3.7%
Cucumbers fresh^{Table 3.1 note [3]}	3.56	3.24	3.42	2.87	2.30	3.5%
Celery fresh	2.69	2.43	2.77	2.61	2.28	3.5%
Chinese cabbage fresh^{Table 3.1 note [4]}	1.62	1.69	1.64	1.69	1.68	2.6%
Mushrooms fresh	2.13	2.10	1.86	1.82	1.60	2.4%
Cauliflower fresh	3.01	2.80	2.88	3.03	1.43	2.2%
Potatoes sweet fresh	1.11	0.89	1.00	1.19	1.08	1.6%
Beets fresh	0.97	0.94	0.91	0.98	0.91	1.4%
Rutabagas and turnips fresh	1.17	0.91	0.98	0.95	0.89	1.4%
Spinach fresh	0.94	0.92	0.93	0.97	0.87	1.3%
Beans green and wax fresh	0.89	0.92	0.87	0.88	0.86	1.3%
Kale fresh^{Table 3.1 note [5]}	0.79	0.77	0.68	0.71	0.70	1.1%
Asparagus fresh	0.75	0.75	0.74	0.81	0.67	1.0%
Aubergines (egg-plants) fresh	0.62	0.63	0.63	0.68	0.64	1.0%
Garlic fresh	0.49	0.47	0.55	0.52	0.54	0.8%
Brussels sprouts fresh	0.34	0.33	0.38	0.39	0.38	0.6%
Parsley fresh	0.30	0.30	0.27	0.26	0.25	0.4%
Radishes fresh	0.35	0.37	0.44	0.33	0.24	0.4%
Leeks fresh	0.27	0.30	0.31	0.30	0.24	0.4%
Peas fresh	0.32	0.26	0.22	0.20	0.19	0.3%
Rappini fresh	0.18	0.18	0.17	0.17	0.19	0.3%
Okra fresh	0.17	0.18	0.17	0.19	0.16	0.2%
Manioc fresh	0.12	0.13	0.16	0.16	0.15	0.2%
Parsnips fresh	0.19	0.16	0.16	0.13	0.14	0.2%
Other edible roots fresh	0.05	0.06	0.05	0.07	0.07	0.1%
Artichokes fresh	0.04	0.03	0.04	0.04	0.03	0.0%
Olives fresh	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.0%
Total	72.48	70.38	69.73	69.55	65.63	100.0%
Notes: Table 3.1 note [1] Food available per person is calculated by dividing the domestic disappearance by the Canadian population as of July 1st of the reference year, at the retail level. Domestic disappearance represents the total food available for human consumption from the Canadian food supply chain. Total Supply = Beginning stocks + Production + Imports Domestic Disappearance = Total supply − Exports − Manufacturing − Waste − Ending stocks Return to table 3.1 note [1] referrer Table 3.1 note [2] Does not adjust for losses (such as waste and/or spoilage in stores, households, private institutions, restaurants) or losses during preparation. Return to table 3.1 note [2] referrer Table 3.1 note [3] Includes greenhouse vegetables. Return to table 3.1 note [3] referrer Table 3.1 note [4] "Chinese cabbage fresh" is included in cabbage. Return to table 3.1 note [4] referrer Table 3.1 note [5] "Kale fresh" is included in cabbage. Return to table 3.1 note [5] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0054-01 Food available in Canada

3.2. Fresh vegetable available^{Table 3.2 note [1]} for consumption adjusted for losses^{Table 3.2 note [2]} in Canada (kilograms per person)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
Tomatoes fresh^{Table 3.2 note [3]}	6.10	5.70	5.14	5.24	5.43	16.6%
Onions and shallots fresh	4.05	4.25	4.59	4.49	4.41	13.5%
Lettuce fresh^{Table 3.2 note [3]}	4.38	4.42	3.98	4.19	4.22	12.9%
Carrots fresh	3.96	3.52	3.66	3.41	3.29	10.1%
Cabbage fresh	2.40	2.53	2.46	2.39	2.44	7.5%
Peppers fresh^{Table 3.2 note [3]}	1.94	1.92	1.77	1.88	1.74	5.3%
Broccoli fresh	1.23	1.19	1.15	1.25	1.48	4.5%
Celery fresh	1.34	1.21	1.37	1.30	1.13	3.5%
Mushrooms fresh	1.35	1.33	1.18	1.15	1.01	3.1%
Cucumbers fresh^{Table 3.2 note [3]}	1.55	1.41	1.49	1.25	1.00	3.1%
Chinese cabbage fresh^{Table 3.2 note [4]}	0.91	0.95	0.93	0.95	0.95	2.9%
Corn fresh	0.68	0.67	0.62	0.70	0.59	1.8%
Pumpkins and squash fresh	0.57	0.56	0.61	0.53	0.51	1.6%
Beets fresh	0.53	0.51	0.50	0.53	0.49	1.5%
Spinach fresh	0.50	0.49	0.50	0.52	0.46	1.4%
Beans green and wax fresh	0.47	0.48	0.45	0.46	0.45	1.4%
Cauliflower fresh	0.88	0.82	0.84	0.89	0.42	1.3%
Potatoes sweet fresh	0.43	0.34	0.39	0.46	0.42	1.3%
Aubergines (egg-plants) fresh	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.32	0.30	0.9%
Brussels sprouts fresh	0.25	0.25	0.28	0.29	0.28	0.9%
Garlic fresh	0.23	0.22	0.26	0.25	0.26	0.8%
Asparagus fresh	0.28	0.27	0.27	0.30	0.25	0.8%
Kale fresh^{Table 3.2 note [3]}	0.22	0.21	0.19	0.20	0.20	0.6%
Rutabagas and turnips fresh	0.19	0.15	0.16	0.15	0.14	0.4%
Leeks fresh	0.13	0.14	0.15	0.15	0.12	0.4%
Parsley fresh	0.15	0.15	0.14	0.13	0.12	0.4%
Manioc fresh	0.08	0.09	0.11	0.11	0.10	0.3%
Peas fresh	0.17	0.14	0.12	0.10	0.10	0.3%
Rappini fresh	0.09	0.10	0.09	0.09	0.10	0.3%
Radishes fresh	0.13	0.13	0.16	0.12	0.09	0.3%
Okra fresh	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.08	0.07	0.2%
Parsnips fresh	0.10	0.09	0.09	0.07	0.07	0.2%
Other edible roots fresh	0.03	0.05	0.04	0.05	0.05	0.2%
Artichokes fresh	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.0%
Total	35.70	34.67	34.07	34.01	32.70	100.0%
Notes: Table 3.2 note [1] Food available per person is calculated by dividing the domestic disappearance by the Canadian population as of July 1st of the reference year, at the retail level. Domestic disappearance represents the total food available for human consumption from the Canadian food supply chain. Total Supply = Beginning stocks + Production + Imports Domestic Disappearance = Total supply − Exports − Manufacturing − Waste − Ending stocks Return to table 3.2 note [1] referrer Table 3.2 note [2] Experimental, use with caution. The data have been adjusted for retail, household, cooking and plate loss. Return to table 3.2 note [2] referrer Table 3.2 note [3] "Kale fresh" is included in cabbage. Return to table 3.2 note [3] referrer Table 3.2 note [4] "Chinese cabbage fresh" is included in cabbage. Return to table 3.2 note [4] referrer Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0054-01 Food available in Canada

4. World data

4.1. World production

4.1.1. World fresh vegetable production^{Table 4.1.1 note [1]}^{Table 4.1.1 note [2]}^{Table 4.1.1 note [3]} by commodity — by volume (thousands of metric tons)

	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2021 % Share
Tomatoes	178,863	181,317	181,890	184,786	189,134	16.4%
Onions and shallots, dry	97,068	97,621	99,807	104,564	106,592	9.2%
Cucumbers and gherkins	82,217	84,950	88,282	90,755	93,529	8.1%
Cabbages and other brassicas	71,972	70,479	70,626	71,447	71,707	6.2%
Aubergines (egg-plants)	53,511	54,749	56,140	57,379	58,646	5.1%
Mushrooms and truffles	39,811	40,583	41,739	42,923	44,207	3.8%
Carrots and turnips	40,348	39,257	40,571	40,242	41,667	3.6%
Chillies and peppers, green	35,239	35,795	35,494	35,969	36,287	3.1%
Spinach	27,809	28,962	30,080	31,208	32,294	2.8%
Garlic	25,906	26,825	27,787	27,781	28,205	2.4%
Lettuce and chicory	26,758	27,093	26,843	27,020	27,012	2.3%
Cauliflowers and broccoli	25,318	25,342	25,693	25,559	25,844	2.2%
Pumpkins, squash and gourds	26,619	21,945	22,280	22,949	23,784	2.1%
Beans, green	22,940	23,422	23,051	23,433	23,411	2.0%
Peas, green	19,689	19,605	19,738	20,248	20,530	1.8%
Okra	9,218	9,638	10,033	10,644	10,822	0.9%
Maize, green	11,494	11,067	10,377	10,575	8,858	0.8%
Asparagus	8,424	8,527	8,415	8,458	8,501	0.7%
Onions and shallots, green	4,659	4,567	4,361	4,506	4,563	0.4%
Leeks, other alliaceous vegetables	2,161	2,116	2,144	2,117	2,213	0.2%
Vegetables, leguminous nes^{Table 4.1.1 note [4]}	1,644	1,731	1,648	1,801	1,725	0.1%
Artichokes	1,588	1,557	1,503	1,439	1,470	0.1%
String beans	1,928	1,461	1,358	1,303	1,310	0.1%
Cassava leaves	84	87	86	86	87	0.0%
Vegetables, fresh nes^{Table 4.1.1 note [4]}	289,593	290,381	292,057	291,551	292,200	25.3%
Total	1,104,860	1,109,080	1,122,002	1,138,740	1,154,598	100.0%
Notes: Table 4.1.1 note [1] Includes greenhouse vegetables and mushrooms. Return to table 4.1.1 note [1] referrer Table 4.1.1 note [2] Does not include potatoes. Return to table 4.1.1 note [2] referrer Table 4.1.1 note [3] FAO production data for the year 2022 was not yet available at the time of writing this report. Return to table 4.1.1 note [3] referrer Table 4.1.1 note [4] nes: Not elsewhere specified. Return to table 4.1.1 note [4] referrer Source: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations \| © FAO Statistics Division 2023

4.1.2. World fresh vegetable production^{Table 4.1.2 note [1]}^{Table 4.1.2 note [2]}^{Table 4.1.2 note [3]} by country — by volume (thousands of metric tons)

	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2021 % Share
China	566,911	577,656	582,276	590,847	600,013	52.0%
India	131,324	129,951	131,785	135,287	137,988	12.0%
United States	32,082	31,732	29,512	29,222	27,917	2.4%
Türkiye	24,923	24,173	25,442	25,961	26,646	2.3%
Vietnam	15,724	16,267	16,674	17,006	17,224	1.5%
Nigeria	14,841	15,548	15,971	15,905	15,795	1.4%
Egypt	15,627	15,492	16,119	15,667	15,571	1.3%
Mexico	15,430	16,116	15,127	15,109	14,747	1.3%
Russia	13,629	13,716	14,153	13,951	13,544	1.2%
Spain	13,147	12,455	13,259	12,669	13,536	1.2%
Indonesia	11,387	11,743	11,917	12,544	13,010	1.1%
Italy	12,487	10,352	10,437	10,849	11,441	1.0%
Uzbekistan	10,142	9,180	10,126	10,016	10,348	0.9%
Japan	10,260	10,111	10,387	10,291	10,177	0.9%
Ukraine	9,304	9,458	9,707	9,675	9,959	0.9%
South Korea	9,633	10,195	9,686	9,514	9,769	0.8%
Iran	10,791	10,550	10,554	10,055	9,331	0.8%
Brazil	8,909	8,848	8,695	8,516	8,572	0.7%
Algeria	6,524	6,910	7,295	7,988	7,652	0.7%
Bangladesh	6,224	6,155	6,452	6,848	7,318	0.6%
Pakistan	5,049	5,456	5,463	5,577	7,074	0.6%
Philippines	6,624	6,649	6,653	6,665	6,659	0.6%
Netherlands	5,431	4,681	5,369	5,293	5,622	0.5%
France	5,512	4,949	4,875	4,847	5,436	0.5%
Myanmar	4,793	4,795	4,798	4,891	4,934	0.4%
…
Canada^{Table 4.1.2 note [4]}	2,319	2,287	2,291	2,258	2,277	0.2%
Total	1,104,860	1,109,080	1,122,002	1,138,740	1,154,598	100.0%
Notes: Table 4.1.2 note [1] Includes greenhouse vegetables and mushrooms. Return to table 4.1.2 note [1] referrer Table 4.1.2 note [2] Does not include potatoes. Return to table 4.1.2 note [2] referrer Table 4.1.2 note [3] FAO production data for the year 2022 was not yet available at the time of writing this report. Return to table 4.1.2 note [3] referrer Table 4.1.2 note [4] In 2021, Canada ranked as the 50th largest global producer of vegetables by volume. Return to table 4.1.2 note [4] referrer Source: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations \| © FAO Statistics Division 2023

4.1.3. World fresh vegetable production^{Table 4.1.3 note [1]}^{Table 4.1.3 note [2]}^{Table 4.1.3 note [3]} by commodity — by area (hectares)

	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2021 % Share
Onions and shallots, dry	5,154,869	5,159,586	5,177,618	5,530,475	5,778,769	10.0%
Tomatoes	4,872,592	5,009,804	4,994,977	5,009,027	5,167,388	8.9%
Peas, green	2,511,572	2,516,986	2,519,667	2,572,585	2,590,367	4.5%
Okra	2,154,649	2,437,281	2,860,325	2,400,543	2,478,132	4.3%
Cabbages and other brassicas	2,445,895	2,412,078	2,417,971	2,425,106	2,450,601	4.2%
Cucumbers and gherkins	2,111,021	2,121,568	2,163,997	2,155,175	2,172,193	3.7%
Chillies and peppers, green	1,951,237	2,006,119	1,960,460	2,053,550	2,055,310	3.5%
Aubergines (egg-plants)	1,907,935	1,888,773	1,901,693	1,935,851	1,961,799	3.4%
Garlic	1,539,015	1,585,650	1,626,911	1,622,588	1,659,236	2.9%
Asparagus	1,546,218	1,559,921	1,573,834	1,583,012	1,594,380	2.7%
Beans, green	1,541,628	1,574,225	1,550,811	1,589,458	1,586,086	2.7%
Pumpkins, squash and gourds	1,971,074	1,437,027	1,436,427	1,463,360	1,501,696	2.6%
Cauliflowers and broccoli	1,362,770	1,357,563	1,362,302	1,366,499	1,378,085	2.4%
Lettuce and chicory	1,229,938	1,234,918	1,214,745	1,215,234	1,213,340	2.1%
Carrots and turnips	1,156,339	1,085,122	1,097,998	1,082,967	1,096,007	1.9%
Maize, green	1,177,447	1,183,351	1,104,247	1,111,225	1,042,894	1.8%
Spinach	916,373	920,913	926,355	912,142	921,158	1.6%
Vegetables, leguminous nes^{Table 4.1.3 note [4]}	250,749	252,946	254,924	286,213	277,445	0.5%
Onions and shallots, green	227,790	223,969	214,409	212,665	215,934	0.4%
String beans	190,904	157,206	141,737	143,975	136,328	0.2%
Leeks, other alliaceous vegetables	135,282	135,580	132,295	132,416	134,168	0.2%
Artichokes	126,648	122,388	119,135	114,141	116,350	0.2%
Cassava leaves	7,741	7,922	7,789	7,794	7,798	0.0%
Vegetables, fresh nes^{Table 4.1.3 note [4]}	20,383,227	20,443,827	20,512,108	20,500,442	20,498,902	35.3%
Total	56,872,913	56,834,723	57,272,735	57,426,443	58,034,366	100.0%
Notes: Table 4.1.3 note [1] Includes greenhouse vegetables and mushrooms. Return to table 4.1.3 note [1] referrer Table 4.1.3 note [2] Does not include potatoes. Return to table 4.1.3 note [2] referrer Table 4.1.3 note [3] FAO production data for the year 2022 was not yet available at the time of writing this report. Return to table 4.1.3 note [3] referrer Table 4.1.3 note [4] nes: Not elsewhere specified. Return to table 4.1.3 note [4] referrer Source: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations \| © FAO Statistics Division 2023

4.1.4. World fresh vegetable production^{Table 4.1.4 note [1]}^{Table 4.1.4 note [2]}^{Table 4.1.4 note [3]} by country — by area (hectares)

	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2021 % Share
China	23,031,820	23,168,027	23,068,916	23,189,508	23,268,449	40.1%
India	8,769,696	8,385,013	8,430,603	8,595,738	8,896,962	15.3%
Nigeria	3,641,864	4,063,323	4,493,064	4,089,200	4,141,631	7.1%
Indonesia	1,177,481	1,174,429	1,126,894	1,181,333	1,198,039	2.1%
Vietnam	984,965	1,006,678	991,058	996,952	1,002,974	1.7%
United States	962,162	935,210	859,914	833,023	829,454	1.4%
Philippines	759,138	762,809	775,034	765,196	767,836	1.3%
Bangladesh	657,064	650,990	658,189	680,268	708,712	1.2%
Mexico	697,125	699,374	676,740	697,310	695,166	1.2%
Türkiye	709,940	672,412	672,329	678,558	676,673	1.2%
Cameroon	658,108	674,978	680,169	671,100	674,276	1.2%
Egypt	628,510	636,169	659,684	642,411	639,118	1.1%
Pakistan	407,346	421,370	411,980	414,192	584,381	1.0%
Russia	524,794	515,587	507,161	502,406	490,450	0.8%
Ukraine	446,617	440,509	452,705	465,121	461,024	0.8%
Tanzania	415,874	421,407	414,527	417,306	417,747	0.7%
Myanmar	374,453	373,762	376,053	380,146	381,637	0.7%
Japan	374,793	373,474	372,175	368,665	370,240	0.6%
Thailand	366,052	365,141	363,430	358,681	358,863	0.6%
Brazil	352,925	351,186	348,778	347,182	350,158	0.6%
Spain	330,134	313,100	323,410	325,170	337,530	0.6%
Italy	463,926	334,230	337,350	331,240	331,840	0.6%
Ethiopia	294,561	312,360	316,573	324,180	325,602	0.6%
Iran	353,955	344,122	350,917	341,184	322,679	0.6%
Nepal	285,636	288,213	298,522	304,286	305,540	0.5%
..
Canada^{Table 4.1.4 note [4]}	92,477	91,348	89,367	92,030	92,035	0.2%
Total	56,872,913	56,834,728	57,272,737	57,426,442	58,034,368	100.0%
Notes: Table 4.1.4 note [1] Includes greenhouse vegetables and mushrooms. Return to table 4.1.4 note [1] referrer Table 4.1.4 note [2] Does not include potatoes. Return to table 4.1.4 note [2] referrer Table 4.1.4 note [3] FAO production data for the year 2022 was not yet available at the time of writing this report. Return to table 4.1.4 note [3] referrer Table 4.1.4 note [4] In 2021, Canada ranked as the 65th largest global producer of vegetables by volume. Return to table 4.1.4 note [4] referrer Source: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations \| © FAO Statistics Division 2023

4.2. World trade

4.2.1. Top importers of fresh vegetables^{Table 4.2.1 note [1]}^{Table 4.2.1 note [2]} worldwide — by value (CAN$ '000)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
United States	11,064,739	12,153,222	13,676,712	13,487,429	14,953,929	24.8%
Germany	6,891,988	6,944,456	7,708,424	8,020,010	7,324,655	12.1%
United Kingdom	3,852,255	4,015,961	4,080,591	3,843,394	4,423,526	7.3%
Canada	3,310,156	3,583,412	3,567,824	3,504,241	3,848,883	6.4%
France	3,216,313	3,263,997	3,484,917	3,558,692	3,764,616	6.2%
Netherlands	2,426,831	2,542,472	2,585,089	2,736,765	2,806,953	4.6%
Italy	1,045,036	1,234,674	1,117,555	1,141,612	1,419,307	2.4%
Poland	973,920	1,140,615	1,195,120	1,275,907	1,374,180	2.3%
Belgium	1,231,333	1,236,115	1,340,654	1,340,218	1,263,404	2.1%
Spain	926,634	945,187	948,354	967,180	1,110,756	1.8%
Hong Kong	545,081	673,303	934,201	998,741	978,584	1.6%
Indonesia	747,838	804,985	903,565	935,679	944,670	1.6%
Japan	1,181,194	1,053,748	974,680	947,135	927,247	1.5%
Malaysia	773,479	764,327	841,201	889,797	911,945	1.5%
Switzerland	678,126	711,244	816,191	885,176	837,842	1.4%
Others	15,590,132	16,638,282	16,871,788	16,899,067	14,328,351	23.7%
Total	53,776,929	56,994,756	60,230,675	60,545,867	60,381,006	100.0%
Notes: Table 4.2.1 note [1] Does not include potatoes. Return to table 4.2.1 note [1] referrer Table 4.2.1 note [2] Includes greenhouse vegetables and mushrooms. Return to table 4.2.1 note [2] referrer Source: Global Trade Tracker. (April 2023)

4.2.2. Top importers of fresh vegetables^{Table 4.2.2 note [1]}^{Table 4.2.2 note [2]} worldwide — by volume (metric tons)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
United States	7,174,573	7,471,780	7,621,703	8,237,682	8,391,506	21.9%
Germany	3,307,256	3,374,409	3,510,698	3,570,919	3,120,049	8.1%
United Kingdom	1,957,396	2,093,757	2,030,095	1,814,140	2,039,895	5.3%
France	1,947,538	1,910,436	1,890,599	1,958,102	1,973,673	5.2%
Canada	1,752,649	1,782,720	1,725,223	1,833,709	1,696,526	4.4%
Netherlands	1,407,602	1,503,377	1,410,912	1,589,359	1,461,168	3.8%
Malaysia	1,189,796	1,102,400	1,079,029	1,131,145	1,216,201	3.2%
Belgium	1,103,117	1,100,852	1,146,435	1,151,836	1,075,752	2.8%
Vietnam	882,530	679,410	649,515	807,280	1,059,327	2.8%
Saudi Arabia	771,703	1,011,353	954,770	943,196	1,019,608	2.7%
Poland	616,817	830,814	773,459	778,052	907,364	2.4%
Indonesia	716,714	591,427	735,244	730,413	760,235	2.0%
Italy	655,471	736,188	653,251	644,003	752,820	2.0%
Spain	655,786	679,605	648,452	701,737	749,179	2.0%
Hong Kong	780,378	804,569	909,812	916,630	689,821	1.8%
Others	15,606,970	16,764,732	15,684,014	15,598,788	11,371,795	29.7%
Total	40,526,296	42,437,829	41,423,211	42,406,991	38,284,919	100.0%
Notes: Table 4.2.2 note [1] Does not include potatoes. Return to table 4.2.2 note [1] referrer Table 4.2.2 note [2] Includes greenhouse vegetables and mushrooms. Return to table 4.2.2 note [2] referrer Source: Global Trade Tracker. (April 2023)

4.2.3. Top selected fresh vegetable^{Table 4.2.3 note [1]}^{Table 4.2.3 note [2]}^{Table 4.2.3 note [3]} imports worldwide — by value (CAN$ '000)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
Tomatoes	11,896,431	11,967,071	12,930,513	12,825,891	12,856,044	21.3%
Peppers	7,104,525	7,551,114	8,265,930	8,258,609	7,951,581	13.2%
Onions and shallots	3,991,773	4,890,656	4,514,190	4,336,282	4,422,505	7.3%
Cucumbers and gherkins	3,569,810	3,562,185	3,872,205	3,894,443	4,422,232	7.3%
Lettuce^{Table 4.2.3 note [4]}	3,333,212	3,506,172	3,479,500	3,685,038	4,053,251	6.7%
Garlic	2,719,822	3,181,687	3,960,760	3,761,850	3,433,971	5.7%
Mushrooms	2,535,928	2,666,679	2,694,737	2,818,532	2,832,262	4.7%
Cabbages, kohlrabi and kale^{Table 4.2.3 note [5]}	2,319,512	2,612,659	2,716,835	2,766,485	2,549,611	4.2%
Pumpkins, squash and gourds	1,794,981	1,873,721	2,247,862	2,013,887	2,187,618	3.6%
Cauliflowers and headed broccoli	1,550,283	1,712,595	1,839,923	1,864,539	2,030,625	3.4%
Asparagus	1,998,280	2,077,726	2,011,659	2,150,492	1,892,404	3.1%
Carrots and turnips	1,921,616	1,746,591	1,690,427	1,713,029	1,515,874	2.5%
Beans	1,435,352	1,353,361	1,446,167	1,445,148	1,336,813	2.2%
Aubergines (egg-plants)	648,454	673,874	759,325	726,253	741,650	1.2%
Spinach	452,113	524,824	586,711	628,391	629,762	1.0%
Peas	581,409	592,189	610,178	613,598	568,197	0.9%
Leeks^{Table 4.2.3 note [6]}	536,960	521,337	491,520	585,853	525,434	0.9%
Celery	363,342	536,217	487,834	468,411	462,529	0.8%
Brussels sprouts	247,528	275,493	306,673	323,852	330,020	0.5%
Chicory and witloof chicory	349,045	334,696	318,726	321,265	301,626	0.5%
Olives	88,330	122,924	100,419	126,763	139,849	0.2%
Globe artichokes	88,193	99,699	91,023	97,742	138,580	0.2%
Leguminous vegetables, nes^{Table 4.2.3 note [7]}	123,250	121,917	109,364	114,215	94,764	0.2%
Other vegetables, nes^{Table 4.2.3 note [7]}	4,126,783	4,489,368	4,698,196	5,005,290	4,963,799	8.2%
Total	53,776,934	56,994,758	60,230,677	60,545,860	60,381,000	100.0%
Notes: Table 4.2.3 note [1] Only "fresh or chilled" vegetables were considered in calculations for this table. Return to table 4.2.3 note [1] referrer Table 4.2.3 note [2] Includes greenhouse vegetables and mushrooms. Return to table 4.2.3 note [2] referrer Table 4.2.3 note [3] Does not includes potatoes. Return to table 4.2.3 note [3] referrer Table 4.2.3 note [4] Includes cabbage lettuce. Return to table 4.2.3 note [4] referrer Table 4.2.3 note [5] Includes similar brassicas but excludes cauliflowers, headed broccoli and brussels sprouts. Return to table 4.2.3 note [5] referrer Table 4.2.3 note [6] Includes other alliaceous vegetables. Return to table 4.2.3 note [6] referrer Table 4.2.3 note [7] nes: Not elsewhere specified. Return to table 4.2.3 note [7] referrer Source: Global Trade Tracker. (April 2023)

4.2.4. Top selected fresh vegetable^{Table 4.2.4 note [1]}^{Table 4.2.4 note [2]}^{Table 4.2.4 note [3]} imports worldwide — by volume (metric tons)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
Onions and shallots	7,565,516	8,078,674	7,625,624	7,413,038	6,674,224	17.4%
Tomatoes	7,392,672	7,519,756	7,219,934	7,573,398	6,597,585	17.2%
Peppers	3,578,675	3,619,043	3,757,975	3,977,099	3,599,550	9.4%
Cucumbers and gherkins	2,716,152	2,799,734	2,840,455	2,914,631	2,846,685	7.4%
Cabbages, kohlrabi and kale^{Table 4.2.4 note [4]}	2,835,241	3,038,241	2,994,589	3,140,075	2,673,791	7.0%
Carrots and turnips	2,769,384	2,692,678	2,641,356	2,671,354	2,277,662	5.9%
Lettuce^{Table 4.2.4 note [5]}	2,010,147	2,117,355	2,067,710	2,268,332	2,151,575	5.6%
Garlic	2,166,886	1,968,397	2,343,047	2,174,816	2,027,656	5.3%
Pumpkins, squash and gourds	1,539,671	1,603,558	1,660,080	1,724,897	1,544,302	4.0%
Cauliflowers and headed broccoli	1,063,477	1,128,402	1,135,782	1,227,042	1,252,227	3.3%
Mushrooms	702,408	735,824	738,511	748,665	729,698	1.9%
Beans	658,911	614,942	671,039	693,139	602,171	1.6%
Aubergines "eggplants"	475,163	468,658	469,677	487,110	425,450	1.1%
Asparagus	433,884	437,439	428,895	487,641	416,254	1.1%
Celery	361,829	409,926	427,951	411,739	362,378	0.9%
Leeks^{Table 4.2.4 note [6]}	306,710	298,242	289,641	304,847	320,684	0.8%
Peas	313,181	330,861	295,432	325,662	252,517	0.7%
Spinach	196,360	212,699	210,021	229,639	213,909	0.6%
Brussels sprouts	176,082	178,085	199,587	215,642	200,077	0.5%
Chicory and witloof chicory	174,376	167,116	148,687	160,652	152,400	0.4%
Olives	56,184	89,274	66,203	84,843	93,015	0.2%
Globe artichokes	45,374	53,096	46,162	48,245	77,582	0.2%
Leguminous vegetables, nes^{Table 4.2.4 note [7]}	125,537	114,840	82,601	67,562	45,066	0.1%
Other vegetables, nes^{Table 4.2.4 note [7]}	2,862,462	3,760,987	3,062,250	3,056,919	2,748,463	7.2%
Total	40,526,282	42,437,827	41,423,209	42,406,987	38,284,921	100.0%
Notes: Table 4.2.4 note [1] Only "fresh or chilled" vegetables were considered in calculations for this table. Return to table 4.2.4 note [1] referrer Table 4.2.4 note [2] Includes greenhouse vegetables and mushrooms. Return to table 4.2.4 note [2] referrer Table 4.2.4 note [3] Does not includes potatoes. Return to table 4.2.4 note [3] referrer Table 4.2.4 note [4] Includes similar brassicas but excludes cauliflowers, headed broccoli and brussels sprouts. Return to table 4.2.4 note [4] referrer Table 4.2.4 note [5] Includes cabbage lettuce. Return to table 4.2.4 note [5] referrer Table 4.2.4 note [6] Includes other alliaceous vegetables. Return to table 4.2.4 note [6] referrer Table 4.2.4 note [7] nes: Not elsewhere specified. Return to table 4.2.4 note [7] referrer Source: Global Trade Tracker. (April 2023)

4.2.5. Top exporters of fresh vegetables^{Table 4.2.5 note [1]}^{Table 4.2.5 note [2]} worldwide — by value (CAN$ '000)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
Mexico	8,308,149	9,341,973	10,392,851	9,871,447	10,143,970	16.5%
Spain	7,957,118	8,430,366	8,993,624	9,613,433	9,656,416	15.7%
Netherlands	8,344,392	8,649,723	8,850,873	8,771,288	8,505,111	13.8%
China	5,421,175	6,590,802	7,115,607	7,277,420	7,757,097	12.6%
United States	2,780,397	2,948,087	2,853,873	2,785,840	3,037,059	4.9%
Canada	1,736,653	1,940,540	2,241,828	2,197,148	2,569,755	4.2%
Italy	2,031,750	2,030,948	2,124,517	2,261,536	2,186,368	3.5%
Morocco	1,368,536	1,521,436	1,662,319	1,646,982	2,071,657	3.4%
France	1,521,994	1,594,915	1,654,462	1,761,130	1,868,530	3.0%
Poland	1,064,698	1,125,873	1,083,920	1,136,512	1,307,921	2.1%
Belgium	1,100,194	1,178,529	1,228,244	1,273,377	1,155,435	1.9%
Türkiye	726,431	821,961	909,114	1,038,666	1,063,747	1.7%
Iran	977,256	1,240,526	1,164,290	1,050,087	1,041,750	1.7%
India	784,701	739,083	730,420	789,260	913,810	1.5%
Peru	672,520	731,463	725,288	728,065	723,657	1.2%
Others	7,913,594	8,421,628	8,311,184	8,344,759	7,623,575	12.4%
Total	52,709,558	57,307,853	60,042,414	60,546,950	61,625,858	100.0%
Notes: Table 4.2.5 note [1] Does not include potatoes. Return to table 4.2.5 note [1] referrer Table 4.2.5 note [2] Includes greenhouse vegetables and mushrooms. Return to table 4.2.5 note [2] referrer Source: Global Trade Tracker. (April 2023)

4.2.6. Top exporters of fresh vegetables^{Table 4.2.6 note [1]}^{Table 4.2.6 note [2]} worldwide — by volume (metric tons)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
Mexico	6,171,728	12,010,119	8,623,319	7,381,383	8,654,052	18.9%
China	5,680,896	5,854,067	6,340,233	5,776,807	6,095,150	13.3%
Netherlands	5,036,973	5,123,686	5,168,119	5,125,787	5,103,262	11.2%
Spain	5,109,849	5,396,942	5,378,461	5,421,182	4,983,473	10.9%
Iran	2,050,484	2,262,483	2,524,837	2,611,551	2,952,591	6.5%
India	1,966,366	1,734,717	1,773,465	1,745,230	2,421,928	5.3%
United States	1,627,834	1,613,979	1,553,137	1,615,514	1,461,593	3.2%
Morocco	981,222	934,992	1,068,955	1,165,225	1,307,732	2.9%
Türkiye	1,035,225	1,141,156	1,186,045	1,488,097	1,261,319	2.8%
France	998,333	1,024,932	1,008,907	1,028,132	1,108,517	2.4%
Canada	841,278	882,066	876,820	941,045	1,022,474	2.2%
Poland	768,334	703,688	685,611	728,400	881,976	1.9%
Italy	867,298	844,845	863,425	864,213	836,524	1.8%
Belgium	832,935	950,557	970,756	891,724	805,302	1.8%
Uzbekistan	448,291	573,260	455,210	487,435	495,970	1.1%
Others	7,710,227	8,019,624	7,713,203	8,473,869	6,322,030	13.8%
Total	42,127,273	49,071,113	46,190,503	45,745,594	45,713,893	100.0%
Notes: Table 4.2.6 note [1] Does not include potatoes. Return to table 4.2.6 note [1] referrer Table 4.2.6 note [2] Includes greenhouse vegetables and mushrooms. Return to table 4.2.6 note [2] referrer Source: Global Trade Tracker. (April 2023)

4.2.7. Top selected fresh vegetable^{Table 4.2.7 note [1]}^{Table 4.2.7 note [2]}^{Table 4.2.7 note [3]} exports worldwide — by value (CAN$ '000)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
Tomatoes	11,768,922	11,934,128	13,129,830	13,066,768	13,368,907	21.7%
Peppers	6,636,166	7,203,068	7,888,918	7,875,643	7,189,036	11.7%
Onions and shallots	4,513,903	5,582,117	5,206,502	4,825,927	5,450,467	8.8%
Cucumbers and gherkins	3,449,649	3,469,655	3,778,665	3,888,710	4,349,141	7.1%
Lettuce^{Table 4.2.7 note [4]}	3,286,484	3,513,375	3,533,915	3,785,408	4,161,959	6.7%
Garlic	2,727,448	3,738,568	4,235,312	3,879,999	3,539,473	5.7%
Mushrooms	2,562,626	2,717,158	2,837,702	3,067,246	2,940,288	4.8%
Cauliflowers and headed broccoli	1,851,514	2,443,535	2,172,207	2,228,567	2,608,905	4.2%
Cabbages, kohlrabi and kale^{Table 4.2.7 note [5]}	2,037,401	2,366,055	2,214,241	2,414,941	2,096,252	3.4%
Pumpkins, squash and gourds	1,742,113	1,739,490	2,097,630	1,877,336	2,015,055	3.3%
Carrots and turnips	1,989,596	1,945,525	1,873,627	1,923,496	1,982,627	3.2%
Asparagus	1,613,943	1,701,664	1,602,489	1,747,711	1,499,684	2.4%
Beans	1,109,361	1,120,648	1,323,069	1,349,495	1,298,472	2.1%
Spinach	445,801	525,960	757,849	1,003,966	1,205,045	2.0%
Aubergines "eggplants"	646,667	687,177	761,192	720,677	739,138	1.2%
Peas	491,089	477,638	494,220	520,339	470,597	0.8%
Celery	360,435	456,177	443,641	461,011	468,755	0.8%
Chicory and witloof chicory	382,909	401,600	372,949	360,455	387,180	0.6%
Leeks^{Table 4.2.7 note [6]}	389,623	420,877	403,642	474,965	364,639	0.6%
Brussels sprouts	225,659	254,047	293,223	313,502	335,113	0.5%
Leguminous vegetables, nes^{Table 4.2.7 note [7]}	168,034	215,816	206,268	183,382	163,272	0.3%
Olives	106,067	95,703	99,347	117,352	99,030	0.2%
Globe artichokes	71,032	85,533	77,312	81,379	82,227	0.1%
Other vegetables, nes^{Table 4.2.7 note [7]}	4,601,693	4,719,416	4,564,410	4,711,949	4,867,201	7.9%
Total	53,178,135	57,814,930	60,368,160	60,880,224	61,682,463	100.0%
Notes: Table 4.2.7 note [1] Only "fresh or chilled" vegetables were considered in calculations for this table. Return to table 4.2.7 note [1] referrer Table 4.2.7 note [2] Includes greenhouse vegetables and mushrooms. Return to table 4.2.7 note [2] referrer Table 4.2.7 note [3] Does not includes potatoes. Return to table 4.2.7 note [3] referrer Table 4.2.7 note [4] Includes cabbage lettuce. Return to table 4.2.7 note [4] referrer Table 4.2.7 note [5] Includes similar brassicas but excludes cauliflowers, headed broccoli and brussels sprouts. Return to table 4.2.7 note [5] referrer Table 4.2.7 note [6] Includes other alliaceous vegetables. Return to table 4.2.7 note [6] referrer Table 4.2.7 note [7] nes: Not elsewhere specified. Return to table 4.2.7 note [7] referrer Source: Global Trade Tracker. (April 2023)

4.2.8. Top selected fresh vegetable^{Table 4.2.8 note [1]}^{Table 4.2.8 note [2]}^{Table 4.2.8 note [3]} exports worldwide — by volume (metric tons)

	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2022 % Share
Onions and shallots	8,220,127	9,265,438	9,161,621	9,031,938	8,835,201	19.3%
Tomatoes	8,132,338	8,095,276	7,917,614	8,278,617	7,771,624	17.0%
Lettuce^{Table 4.2.8 note [4]}	2,143,268	7,175,660	3,760,245	2,632,117	3,926,849	8.6%
Peppers	3,512,489	3,640,854	3,950,766	4,118,737	3,567,387	7.8%
Cucumbers and gherkins	2,988,378	3,106,512	3,050,735	3,069,481	3,047,922	6.6%
Carrots and turnips	2,875,271	2,939,890	2,928,026	2,924,441	2,752,505	6.0%
Cabbages, kohlrabi and kale^{Table 4.2.8 note [5]}	2,467,584	3,041,884	2,539,774	2,648,493	2,706,827	5.9%
Garlic	2,306,754	2,255,666	2,766,241	2,401,469	2,528,943	5.5%
Cauliflowers and headed broccoli	1,379,169	1,648,013	1,747,747	1,629,512	1,911,424	4.2%
Pumpkins, squash and gourds	1,675,083	1,694,971	1,765,723	1,855,434	1,618,128	3.5%
Mushrooms	706,272	734,847	754,406	797,103	760,849	1.7%
Aubergines "eggplants"	597,410	616,610	632,744	669,749	615,410	1.3%
Beans	593,032	570,005	697,592	757,057	611,573	1.3%
Spinach	163,550	205,569	274,172	349,434	402,098	0.9%
Asparagus	415,619	420,219	396,300	463,533	396,862	0.9%
Celery	340,162	357,096	371,613	402,556	385,548	0.8%
Leeks^{Table 4.2.8 note [6]}	287,768	293,886	293,265	304,091	273,163	0.6%
Peas	455,956	320,260	279,245	319,238	237,136	0.5%
Chicory and witloof chicory	203,919	218,892	193,907	201,868	213,774	0.5%
Brussels sprouts	156,244	159,902	181,918	197,680	206,981	0.5%
Leguminous vegetables, nes^{Table 4.2.8 note [7]}	176,951	151,723	134,449	130,211	114,456	0.2%
Olives	78,648	78,398	63,301	106,056	70,919	0.2%
Globe artichokes	38,614	47,590	38,410	37,608	32,064	0.1%
Other vegetables, nes^{Table 4.2.8 note [7]}	2,981,695	2,961,886	2,789,769	2,951,547	2,846,090	6.2%
Total	42,896,301	50,001,047	46,689,583	46,277,970	45,833,733	100.0%
Table 4.2.8 note [1] Only "fresh or chilled" vegetables were considered in calculations for this table. Return to table 4.2.8 note [1] referrer Table 4.2.8 note [2] Includes greenhouse vegetables and mushrooms. Return to table 4.2.8 note [2] referrer Table 4.2.8 note [3] Does not includes potatoes. Return to table 4.2.8 note [3] referrer Table 4.2.8 note [4] Includes cabbage lettuce. Return to table 4.2.8 note [4] referrer Table 4.2.8 note [5] Includes similar brassicas but excludes cauliflowers, headed broccoli and brussels sprouts. Return to table 4.2.8 note [5] referrer Table 4.2.8 note [6] Includes other alliaceous vegetables. Return to table 4.2.8 note [6] referrer Table 4.2.8 note [7] nes: Not elsewhere specified. Return to table 4.2.8 note [7] referrer Source: Global Trade Tracker. (April 2023)

5. Key resources

FAOSTAT
Global Trade Tracker
Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0166-01 Farms classified by farm type, Census of Agriculture historical data
Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0365-01 Area, production and farm gate value of vegetables
Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0054-01 Food available in Canada
Statistics Canada. CATSNET

Statistical Overview of the Canadian Field Vegetable Industry, 2022

Overview

1. Production

1.1. Number of field vegetable farmsTable 1.1 note [1]Table 1.1 note [2] by province

1.2. Planted area of field vegetables by commodity (hectares)

1.3. Planted area of field vegetablesTable 1.3 note [1] by province (hectares)

1.4. Production volume of field vegetables by commodity (metric tons)

1.5. Production volumeTable 1.5 note [1] of field vegetables by province (metric tons)

1.6. Farm gate valueTable 1.6 note [1] of field vegetables by commodity (CAN$ '000)

1.7. Farm gate valueTable 1.7 note [1] of field vegetables by province (CAN$ '000)

2. Trade

2.1. Canadian field vegetableTable 2.1 note [1]Table 2.1 note [2] trade balance — by value (CAN$ '000)

2.2. Exports

2.2.1. Canada's field vegetableTable 2.2.1 note [1] exports by commodity — by value (CAN$ '000)

2.2.2. Canada's field vegetableTable 2.2.2 note [1] exports by commodity — by volume (metric tons)

2.2.3. Top field vegetableTable 2.2.3 note [1]Table 2.2.3 note [2] export destinations — by value (CAN$ '000)

2.2.4. Top field vegetableTable 2.2.4 note [1]Table 2.2.4 note [2] export destinations — by volume (metric tons)

2.2.5. Destinations of top 5 Canadian field vegetableTable 2.2.5 note [1] exports — by value (CAN$ '000)

2.2.6. Destinations of top 5 Canadian field vegetableTable 2.2.6 note [1] exports — by volume (metric tons)

2.3 Imports

2.3.1. Canada's field vegetableTable 2.3.1 note [1] imports by commodity — by value (CAN$ '000)

2.3.2. Canada's field vegetableTable 2.3.2 note [1] imports by commodity — by volume (metric tons)

2.3.3. Top field vegetableTable 2.3.3 note [1] import sources — by value (CAN$ '000)

2.3.4. Top field vegetableTable 2.3.4 note [1] import sources — by volume (metric tons)

2.3.5. Sources of top 5 Canadian field vegetableTable 2.3.5 note [1] imports — by value (CAN$ '000)

2.3.6. Sources of top 5 Canadian field vegetableTable 2.3.6 note [1] imports — by volume (metric tons)