Representing an integrated supply chain, the agriculture and agri-food system touches all Canadians and communities in Canada. In 2023, it generated around $150 billion of Canada's gross domestic product (GDP), accounting for around 7% of Canada's gross domestic product (GDP), and employed approximately 2.3 million people.
Canada's food system is resilient and innovative, sustains our environment and supports our economy. It is responsible for 1 in 9 jobs across the country.
Canadian-made foods are recognized worldwide for the highest standards of quality and food safety. Approximately half of the value of primary agriculture production in Canada is exported, as either primary commodities or processed food and beverage products.
Components of the agri-food system
Primary agriculture (farmers): Primary agriculture is defined as work that is performed within the boundaries of a farm, nursery or greenhouse.
- GDP: $31.7 billion (1.4%)
- Employment: 247,200
Food and beverage processors transform raw food materials or substances into new products which may be finished, so that they are ready to be used or consumed, or semi-finished, so that they become raw material to be used in further manufacturing.
- GDP: $35.2 billion (1.6%)
- Employment: 322,600
Food retailers and wholesalers
- GDP: $36.9 billion (1.7%)
- Employment: 659,800
Foodservice providers, as well as food retailers and wholesalers, are the link between food production and consumers.
- GDP: $30.5 billion (1.4%)
- Employment: 971,100
In 2023, the primary agriculture and food and beverage processing sectors:
- employed 569,800 people
- accounted for 3.0% of Canada's GDP
- provided 1 in 35 jobs in Canada